In late-1963, after a two-year hiatus from the studio due to a heart attack he suffered in Italy, Armstrong and his All Stars recorded the title track for an upcoming musical called Hello, Dolly! He didn't expect much from the recording, but when the show debuted on Broadway, it became a runaway hit and soared to the top of the charts, making him, at 62 years, 9 months and 5 days, the oldest musician in American history to have a number one song. In the process, he dislodged the Beatles, who were then at the height of their popularity, from the No. 1 position.

The third and final of the pair's albums for Verve Records, Porgy and Bess is a suite of selections from the George Gershwin opera of the same name.

He was married four times and had hundreds of affairs, yet none of those unions produced children.

In his 1978 movie Manhattan, Woody Allen's character offers these thoughts on life: "Why is life worth living? That's a very good question. Well, there are certain things I guess that make it worthwhile. Like what? Okay, for me, I would say, Groucho Marx, to name one thing and Willie Mays, and the second movement of the Jupiter Symphony, and Louie Armstrong's recording of "Potato Head Blues".

The soundtrack for On Her Majesty's Secret Service has been identified by some critics as the best score of the series. "We Have All the Time in the World" is heard during the courtship montage as 007 woos the future Mrs. Bond.